Luke Borg
Mater Dei Hospital, MaltaPresentation Title:
Obesity and Thyroid Cancer in Europe. Is there a gender disparity developing? A study using Global Burden of Disease 2019
Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer is a malignancy that is growing in incidence globally. Obesity is another epidemic effecting the modern world. Published evidence highlights the rise in global incidence of both these pathologies, some suggesting that thyroid cancer pathophysiology could possibly involve obesity at a genetic and molecular level. This study tackles a gap that exists in the literature when it comes to looking at recent observational data in attempt to investigate a developing possible gender disparity within the thyroid cancer cohort, with specific focus on those attributed to a high BMI.
Method
A secondary database descriptive study using the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database was conducted. Results on European age eneralizabi incidence, disability adjusted life years, summary exposure value and morbidity attributed to obesity were studied using R 4.3.3. The study looks at a total of 35 European countries eneralizabili into Western, Central and Eastern Europe, with data from 1990-2019.
Results
The total overall age eneralizabi incidence increased by 25.08%, with individual rates for males and females increasing by 42.78% and 20.59% respectively. Eastern Europe shoes a higher rise in incidence over the last 3 decades. All trends of European thyroid cancer rates were on the rise apart from Western and Central European rates for females. Morbidity rates are decreasing overall, however morbidity attributed to obesity is increasing. The differences between trends in disability adjusted life years attributed to obesity, were statistically significant.
Conclusions
The study estimates that the rise in obesity could be a contributing factor to the gender disparity seen in recent trends of thyroid cancer. Further randomized trials and further evidence is required for this to result in changes in clinical practice.
Keywords: Thyroid cancer, obesity, gender, global burden of disease.
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