Afrah Bahnam Yousif
M.B.Ch.B; M.Sc. (Ophthalmology), IraqPresentation Title:
Prevalence of Ocular Pseudoexfoliation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is a systemic disorder related to age mostly affects the anterior structures of the eye. It is characterized by increased production and accumulation of abnormal fibrillar material in extraocular and intraocular tissues. There was a variation in the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome among diabetic patients in a sample of the Iraqi population and evaluate the impacting factor that affects this prevalence. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Erbil Teaching Hospital from 1st of August 2021 to 31st of March 2022. A convenient sample of 100 patients with an age of ≥50 years old and who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the current study. The results of the ophthalmologic history and examination including intraocular pressure, presence of diabetic retinopathy, and the presence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome. About 52% of the patients were aged 50-59 years, while 9% had an age of ≥70 years. The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome was 9%. While diabetic retinopathy was presented in 37%. The prevalence of glaucoma was 12%. There was a significant association between pseudoexfoliation syndrome incidence and increasing the age of the patients, the highest prevalence was among patients with ≥70 years (P-value=0.001). The pseudoexfoliation syndrome was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy, the presence of glaucoma, and diabetic duration (P-values were 0.001, 0.001, and 0.026, respectively). In addition, the mean intraocular pressure was significantly higher among those with pseudoexfoliation syndrome than patients without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (P-value=0.001). in conclsion, the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in diabetic patients was 9%. The duration of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and the age of the participants significantly impacted the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
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